By Yoo Jin-Seo ("David")
Presented at the 5th
Daejin University National English Speech Contest,
November 8, 2000
The Cold-War was finished about 10 years ago, but the Korean War has not
stopped. We only maintain a cease-fire. So we must be prepared for war.
Therefore the Ministry of Defense needs well-trained soldiers, and Korean
males are liable for military service for about three years, but Korean
females aren't. So Korean males stop in the middle of study, but females
can continue at school. This is unfair, because only males defend the country
against the enemy. Only males have a military service obligation
in the Korean legal system.
The constitutional court recently made a decision to strike down the policy
of awarding bonus points to the test scores of former soldiers. I would
say this to women who insist on striking down the policy of awarding bonus
points to the test scores of former soldiers: "You should gain military
service experience first hand!" I am not saying this to all women, but
some women have pointed to mistaken feminism, and many Korean male veterans
have gotten so angry. I'm going to go to the military service before long,
too. So I understand why Korean males and veterans are in a bad mood.
After the constitutional court's decision, Ewha University and the constitutional
court suffered cyber terrorism by netizens who couldn't control their anger.
After five Ewha University students filed a suit in the constitutional
court about the policy to award bonus points to the test scores of former
soldiers, the court found it unconstitutional. With that as a start, males
and females have had a heated discussion about what is "equal or unequal."
But I say to them, the enemies of Korean males and veterans aren't women,
and Korean females should experience military service to understand Korean
males' and veterans' feelings very well and how many problems there are
on an army base. For that reason, I want both of them to keep calm.
Nowadays is called a time of world peace, but there are local wars and
limited warfare all over the world. Unlike the old days, war breaks out
suddenly, too. The Korean Peninsula is surrounded by four powerful countries,
so as said above, we must prepare for war. Therefore, in modern times,
a general interpretation of a man of merit is a person who has experienced
military service.
However, individualism has spread in society. So many young men do not
want to go to the military. Young people are no longer compelled to move
by nationalism. Therefore, the government has offered compensation for
loss from military service for three years, but the government can't compensate
veterans now because of the constitutional court's decision. So many males
and veterans insist it is unfair. Korean veterans say, "Males become foolish
after military service because they only do simple work and are cut off
from the outside world for three years. So we have to receive compensation
from the government for this time."
For example, there are country 'A' and country 'B'. They are at war with
each other by chance. In the early stages, they are equally matched. But
if country 'B' is overpowered by country 'A', country 'B' asks country
'C' to help by sending troops. So country 'C' dispatches troops to country
'B'. After all, country 'B' is winning. But country 'C' demands many things.
Country 'B' protests that those are unreasonable demands. But they admit
many servicemen of country 'C' died on the soil of country 'B'. So the
government of country 'C' demands compensation for the soldiers' blood.
I expect the military, society, and especially the economy of country 'B'
will be interfered with by country 'C'.
We have practical experience about this situation. During the Korean War
when South Korea was overrun by North Korean in the early stages, the government
of South Korea asked the government of the United States to help by sending
troops so that we could defend ourselves from North Korea. Finally, we
were not occupied by North Korea. But the American government intervenes
in the domestic affairs of South Korea, for example, arms purchases, arms
sales, developing missile problems, SOFA, etc. Moreover, when the Korean
military entered the Vietnam War, the government of Korea realized a profit
from the Vietnamese and American governments. This situation shows how
very expensive soldiers' blood is.
If we had never had this experience, many things might be different. First,
we have to have force to defend our country. I need not necessarily say
military, but this includes economy, science, culture, etc. No longer does
war progress with guns. Nowadays most war is economic invasion. Second,
the government must compensate men of merit and their children. In modern
times, capitalism is spreading over the globe. So many people aren't moved
only by nationalism. Therefore, compensation is a necessary condition.
I make a comparison between military service and the policy to award bonus
points to the test scores of former soldiers who apply for low-level government
jobs. I think this is very small compensation.
A policy to award bonus points to the test scores of former soldiers is
a very symbolic compensation. So I insist the constitutional court and
some women's groups who oppose it have made a mistake.